The schema diagram shows a low-cost 3-input video MUX cable driver. In this schema, the amplifier is loaded by the sum of RF and RG of each disabled amplifier. Resistor values have been chosen to keep the total back termination at 75 Ω while maintaining a gain of 1 at the 75-Ω load. The switching time between any two channels is approximately 32 ns when both enable pins are driven. When designing a schema board for this cable driver, care should be taken to minimize trace lengths at the inverting input. The ground plane should also be pulled away from RF and RG on both sides of the board to minimize stray capacitance. Current consumption of the cable driver is a modest 8mA.
Sunday, August 31, 2014
Hard Disk Selector Wiring diagram Schematic
Hard Disk Selector Circuit Diagram. In the last few years, the available range of operating systems for PCs has increased dramatically. Various free (!) operating systems have been added to the list, such as BeOS, OpenBSD and Linux. These systems are also available in different colours and flavours (versions and distributions). Windows is also no longer simply Windows, because there are now several different versions (Windows 95, 98, ME, NT, XP, Vista and 7). Computer users thus have a large variety of options with regard to the operating system to be used. One problem is that not all hardware works equally well under the various operating systems, and with regard to software, compatibility is far from being universal. In other words, it’s difficult to make a good choice.
Switching from one operating system to another - that’s a risky business, isn’t it? Although this may be a bit of an exaggeration, the safest approach is still to install two different operating systems on the same PC, so you can always easily use the ‘old’ operating system if the new one fails to meet your needs (or suit your taste). A software solution is often used for such a ‘dual system’. A program called a ‘boot manager’ can be used to allow the user to choose, during the start-up process, which hard disk will be used for starting up the computer. Unfortunately, this does not always work flawlessly, and in most cases this boot manager is replaced by the standard boot loader of the operating system when a new operating system is installed.
In many cases, the only remedy is to reinstall the software. The solution presented here does not suffer from this problem. It is a hardware solution that causes the primary and secondary hard disk drives to ‘swap places’ when the computer is started up, if so desired. From the perspective of the computer (and the software running on the computer), it appears as though these two hard disks have actually changed places. This trick is made possible by a feature of the IDE specification called ‘CableSelect’. Every IDE hard disk can be configured to use either Master/Slave or CableSelect. In the latter case, a signal on the IDE cable tells the hard disk whether it is to act as the master or slave device. For this reason, in every IDE cable one lead is interrupted between the connectors for the two disk drives, or the relevant pin is omitted from the connector.
This causes a low level to be present on the CS pin of one of the drives and a high level to be present on the CS pin of the other one (at the far end of the cable). The schema shown here is connected to the IDE bus of the motherboard via connector K1. Most of the signals are fed directly from K1 to the other connectors (K2 and K3). An IDE hard disk is connected to K2, and a second one is connected to K3. When the computer is switched on or reset, a pulse will appear on the RESET line of the IDE interface. This pulse clocks flip-flop IC1a, and depending on the state of switch S1, the Q output will go either high or low. The state on the Q output is naturally always the opposite of that on the Q output. If we assume that the switch is closed during start-up, a low level will be present on D input of IC1a, so the Q output will be low following the reset pulse.
This low level on the Q output will cause transistor T1 to conduct. The current flowing through T1 will cause LED D1 to light up and transistor T2 to conduct. The hard disk attached to connector K2 will thus see a low level on its CS pin, which will cause it to act as the master drive and thus appear to the computer as the C: drive. A high level will appear on the Q output following the reset pulse. This will prevent T3 and T4 from conducting, with the consequence that LED D2 will be extinguished and the hard disk attached to connector K3 will see a high level on its CS pin. For this disk, this indicates that it is to act as a slave drive (D: drive).
If S1 is open when the reset pulse occurs, the above situation is of course reversed, and the hard disk attached to connector K2 will act as the D: drive, while the hard disk attached to connector K3 will act as the C: drive. Flip-flop IC1a is included here to prevent the hard disks from swapping roles during use. This could have disastrous consequences for the data on the hard disks, and it would most likely cause the computer to crash. This means that you do not have to worry about affecting the operation of the computer if you change the switch setting while the computer is running. The state of the flip-flop, and thus the configuration of the hard disks, can only be changed during a reset.
The schema is powered from a power connector for a 3.5-inch drive. This advantage of using this connector is that it easily fits onto a standard 4-way header. However, you must observe the correct polarity when attaching the connector. The red lead must be connected to pin 1. Constructing the hard disk selector is easy if the illustrated printed schema board is used. You will need three IDE cables to connect the schema. The best idea is to use short cables with only two connectors, with all pins connected 1:1 (no interruption in the CS line). The IDE connector on the motherboard is connected to K1 using one cable. A cable then runs from K2 to first hard disk, and another cable runs from K3 to the second hard disk. This means that it is not possible to connect more than two hard disks to this schema. You must also ensure that the jumpers of both disk drives are configured for CableSelect. To find out how to do this, refer to the user manual(s) for the drives.
Streampowers
4 x 6 5W QUAD POWER AMPLIFIER FOR CAR RADIO
Features:
MINIMUM EXTERNAL COMPONENT COUNT
HIGH CURRENT CAPABILITY
NO BOOTSTRAP CAPACITORS
NO BOUCHEROT CELLS
CLIP DETECTOR OUTPUT
HIGH OUTPUT POWER
HIGH APPLICATION FLEXIBILITY
FIXED GAIN
VERY LOW STAND-BY CURRENT (1µA typ)
NO SWITCH ON/OFF NOISE
Application circuit:
PCB LAYOUT TDA7370
MINIMUM EXTERNAL COMPONENT COUNT
HIGH CURRENT CAPABILITY
NO BOOTSTRAP CAPACITORS
NO BOUCHEROT CELLS
CLIP DETECTOR OUTPUT
HIGH OUTPUT POWER
HIGH APPLICATION FLEXIBILITY
FIXED GAIN
VERY LOW STAND-BY CURRENT (1µA typ)
NO SWITCH ON/OFF NOISE
Application circuit:
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| Circuit Diagram for TDA7370 |
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| pcb layout |
1992 Dodge w350 Wiring Diagram
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| 1992 Dodge w350 Wiring Diagram |
This is 1992 Dodge w350 Wiring Diagram: engine ground, battery, fusible link, hazard flasher, circuit
breaker, headlamp switch, power door locks, stop lamps, headlamp buzzer, rear wheel, charging system, cluster lamps, transmission overdrive, indicator lamp, cigar lighter, power mirrors, chargo lamps, done lamp, map lamp, Saturday, August 30, 2014
Simple DC Fan Controller
This schema is ideal to control the cooling fan of heat generated electronic gadgets like power amplifiers. The schema switches on a fan if it senses a temperature above the set level. The fan automatically turns off when the temperature returns to normal.
The schema uses an NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) Thermister to sense heat. NTC Thermister reduces its resistance when the temperature in its vicinity increases.IC1 is used as a voltage comparator with two potential dividers in its inputs. Resistor R1 and VR1 forms one potential divider connected to the non inverting input of IC1 and another potential divider comprising R2 and the 4.7K Thermister supplying a variable voltage to the inverting input of IC1. VR1 is adjusted so as to give slightly lesser voltage at the non inverting input than the inverting input at room temperature.
DC Fan Controller Circuit
In this state, output of IC1 will be low and the Fan remains off. When the temperature near the Thermister increases, its resistance decreases and conducts. This drops the voltage at pin 2 of IC1 and its output becomes high. T1 then triggers and fan turn on. Red LED indicates that fan is running. Capacitor C1 gives a short lag before T1 turns on to avoid false triggering and to give proper bias to T1.DC fan can be the one used in Computer SMPS.
Keep the Thermistor near the heat sink of the Amplifier PCB and switch on the amplifier for 10 minutes. Then adjust VR1 till the Fan stop running.When the temperature rises, Fan will automatically switch on.
Keep the Thermistor near the heat sink of the Amplifier PCB and switch on the amplifier for 10 minutes. Then adjust VR1 till the Fan stop running.When the temperature rises, Fan will automatically switch on.
Transmitter and Receiver Infra Red Headphone
Transmitter and receiver circuit using infra red audio signal is applied to emit an audio signal and will received on a headphones. Making his series is not too difficult, the transmitter and receiver circuit scheme can be seen below.
| Transmiter schematics |
| Receiver schematics |
After the series finished, you can try to give the audio inputs on the transmitter and point the LED transmitter to the receiver. Maximum distance is a few meters may not be more than 10 meters, but you can listen to music without wires while using infra red.
image[link]
6N2P Tube Pre Tone Low Volt Low Cost Wiring diagram Schematic
6N2P Tube Pre-Tone Low Volt & Low Cost Circuit Diagram, I would like to present the low voltage and low cost for beginner developer. This is the kind 6n2p Triode Vacuum Tube Russia Tube very cheap compared to other tube models. Only cost $ 10-15 for a true beginner. Also easy to find in the market .
The quality of their own personal thoughts of my own. Well honestly say that sometimes can get resistant. Instead of a 12AX7 plugged it by changing the pressure tube, topped only cycle . I try to create this Use only one tube. Working as a stereo (two halves of a single lamp), using low power as well.
6N2P Tube Pre-Tone Low Volt & Low Cost Circuit Diagram
That if one wants to create a high fire. Put values as I get it offline because I reference values from the Data Sheet.
But do not suggest we fire up to 250 Volts Capacitor find the 350v. The price is expensive and over again.
I recommend creating a 230v. And then use the Cap 250 v. easy to find cheap used instead of the sound was no difference between voltage 250 to 230.
The trial was a pre-tone light bulb with + – 35 Volts with the famous schema 741. But output is not satisfactory offline … hum a lot. Experimental values are being changed. To complete the schema. Before, and I will be published offline because many people complained that the transformer is quite difficult to find ideas to this schema.
I do, then listen to the sound does not make sense at first, it offline. Central held very outstanding voice .. much agitation. But keep it open for a few days … to draw a lot more sense … mixing different sounds much less. Really listen. Voice is getting better offline …. now I’m comparing 12AX7. 6DJ8 6N2P 6N23P them on . wait a minute per well offline. Pictures show that I was to hear of the TDA2030 OTL 30watt.
Friday, August 29, 2014
Triac Light Switch as a dimers
The series of light switches this time slightly different from the voltage of work. The series of light switches can work directly on the AC power network. Light switches are using the main component of TRIAC and LDR. The circuit is very simple and the components were sold in the market.
If you want a light reception sensitivity of this circuit can be arranged then the 3.3 MOhm resistor can be replaced with a variable resistor. For more details can be seen from the following series of images.
If you want a light reception sensitivity of this circuit can be arranged then the 3.3 MOhm resistor can be replaced with a variable resistor. For more details can be seen from the following series of images.
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| Circuit Diagram |
With Triac Light Switch series is as dimers, but dimers control performed by the reception of light around the LDR. The lower the intensity cayaha received LDR then bright lights. For installation LDR need to be considered so as not exposed to light from the lamp directly.
Schematic Power Amplifier with IC AN7112
Schematic Circuit use the IC AN7112 with minimum voltage 4 Volt and maximum voltage 14 Volt. Recomeneded voltage is 9 Volt. Maximum output power 0,5 watt. This is low output power or mini amplifier sound. Impedance Speaker 8 Ohm and frequncy 40 Hz - 18 kHz. IC AN7112 has similarities with IC KA2212 , LA4140 , TA7313AP . PAckage of this IC is SIL - 9 and Manufactered by MATSUSHITA.
See Schematic power amplifier (figure 1.1) and Package IC (figure 1.0) below :
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Figure 1.1 Click Image to View Enlarge
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Low Voltage Remote Mains Switch
Low-Voltage Remote Mains Switch Circuit diagram. This schema allows a 240V mains appliance to be controlled remotely via low-voltage cabling and a pushbutton switch. The mains appliance (in this case, a light bulb) is switched with a suitably-rated relay. All of the electronics is housed in an ABS box located in proximity to the appliance. The pushbutton switch and plugpack are located remotely and can be wired up with 3-core alarm cable or similar. Cable lengths of 20m or more are feasible with this arrangement. When the switch (S1) is pressed, the input (pin 8) of IC1c is briefly pulled low via the 10mF capacitor, which is initially discharged.
Low-Voltage Remote Mains Switch Circuit Diagram
The output (pin 10) immediately goes high and this is inverted and fed back to the second input (pin 9) via another gate in the quad NAND package (IC1d). In conjunction with the 1MW resistor and 470nF capacitor, IC1d eliminates the effects of contact "bounce" by ensuring that IC1c’s output remains high for a predetermined period. The output from IC1c drives the clock input of a 4013 D-type flip-flop (IC2). The flipflop is wired for a "toggle" function by virtue of the Q-bar connection back to the D input. A 2.2MW resistor and 100nF capacitor improve schema noise immunity. Each time the switch is pressed, the flipflop output (pin 13) toggles, switching the transistor (Q1) and relay on or off. Note that all mains wiring must be properly installed and completely insulated so that there is no possibility of it contacting the low-voltage side of the schema.
Thursday, August 28, 2014
Simple Gate Alarm
Description:
A cheap and simple gate alarm made from a single CMOS Integrated Circuit.
A cheap and simple gate alarm made from a single CMOS Integrated Circuit.
Figure 1 represents a cheap and simple Gate Alarm, that is intended to run off a small universal AC-DC power supply.
IC1a is a fast oscillator, and IC1b a slow oscillator, which are combined through IC1c to emit a high pip-pip-pip warning sound when a gate (or window, etc.) is opened. The schema is intended not so much to sound like a siren or warning device, but rather to give the impression: "You have been noticed." R1 and D1 may be omitted, and the value of R2 perhaps reduced, to make the Gate Alarm sound more like a warning device. VR1 adjusts the frequency of the sound emitted.
IC1d is a timer which causes the Gate Alarm to emit some 20 to 30 further pips after the gate has been closed again, before it falls silent, as if to say: "Im more clever than a simple on-off device." Piezo disk S1 may be replaced with a LED if desired, the LED being wired in series with a 1K resistor.
Figure 2 shows how an ordinary reed switch may be converted to close (a "normally closed" switch) when the gate is opened. A continuity tester makes the work easy. Note that many reed switches are delicate, and therefore wires which are soldered to the reed switch should not be flexed at all near the switch. Other types of switches, such as microswitches, may also be used.
Copyright : Rev Thomas Scarborough
Cheap LED flasher Wiring diagram Schematic
This two LED flasher schema uses any DC supply from 3V to 12V. Flash rate is controlled by R1,C1 and R2,C2. Larger values create slower fash rates, smaller values higher flash rates.
Wednesday, August 27, 2014
Battery Powered High voltage Generator Wiring diagram Schematic
This is the battery powered high-voltage generator schema diagram. Output voltage great enough to jump a l-inch gap can be obtained from a 12-V power source. A 555 timer IC is connected as an stable multi vibrator that produces a narrow negative pulse at pin 3. The pulse turns Ql on for the duration of the time period. The collector of Ql is direct-coupled to tbe base of tbe power transistor Q2, turning it on during the same time period.
The emitter of Q2 is direct -coupled through current limiting resistor R5 to the base of the power transistor. Q3 switches on, producing a minimum resistance between the collector and emitter. The high-current pulse going through tbe primary of high-voltage transformer Tl generates a very high pulse voltage at its secondary output terminal (labeled X). The pulse frequency is determined by tbe values of Rl, R2, and C2. The values given in the parts list were chosen to give the best possible performance when an auto-ignition coil is used for Tl.
Battery Powered High-voltage Generator Circuit Diagram
230 V AC To 400 V DC Power Supply Wiring diagram Schematic
Description
A lot of students are who dont know how to convert 230 volt AC to 400 DC. So today i am published 230 V AC to 400 V DC schema diagram on my blog. Working principle of this schema diagram is very simple. You already knew the working principle of a bridge rectifier. This schema is same as bridge rectifier and the working principle is also same. The fuse is used to protect the schema, if the current is greater than 1 A.
Parts List
A lot of students are who dont know how to convert 230 volt AC to 400 DC. So today i am published 230 V AC to 400 V DC schema diagram on my blog. Working principle of this schema diagram is very simple. You already knew the working principle of a bridge rectifier. This schema is same as bridge rectifier and the working principle is also same. The fuse is used to protect the schema, if the current is greater than 1 A.
Parts List
| Component No: | Value |
| F1 | 1 A |
| B1 | IN4007 |
| C1 | 470MF/450V |
| V1 | 230 V AC |
2 X 0 6W schematic audio amplifier
This schematic have require minimum voltage at 1Volt and maximum volotage at 9 Volt. Maximum output power 2 X 0.6W.
Part List:
Capacitor
C1 = 100uF
C2 = 220uF
C3 = 220uF
C4 = 220uF
C5 = 220uF
IC = ULN3782
Simple Readjust Shutdown Wiring diagram Schematic
This is Simple Readjust Shutdown Circuit Diagram. If your diagram experience frequency over voltage conditions, continually replacing blown fuses can get pretty expensive. However, this shutdown schema overcomes that deficiency by replacing the fuse with a relay and a low-current SCR.
Simple Readjust Shutdown Circuit Diagram
When the input voltage rises above the threshold set by the Zener diode (Dl), a current of sufficient magnitude is applied to the gate of SCR1, which turns it on. That draws current through the relay coil and energizes it, which swings its commutator to its normally open contact, and disrupts power to the schema under power. Switch SI, a normally closed push button switch, is used to reset the schema; it does so by interrupting power to the relay.
When SI is pressed, the relay`s wiper arm returns to the normally closed position, restoring power to the connected schema. If you deal with a number of diagram that have different burn-out levels, try the schema in B. That schema variation, a variable trip-point shutdown schema, allows you to adjust the shutdown threshold to whatever level you desire. The schema adjustment allows for the 30% variance in the trip point. The zener diode should be selected to have a voltage rating that is slightly lower than the minimum desired threshold voltage.
Simple Instrumentation Amplifier Wiring diagram Schematic
Simple Instrumentation Amplifier Circuit Diagram, An instrumentation (or instrumentational) amplifier is a type of differential amplifier that has been outfitted with input buffer amplifiers, which eliminate the need for input impedance matching and thus make the amplifier particularly suitable for use in measurement and test equipment. LTC1043 and LT1013 dual op amps are used to create a dual instrumentation amplifier using just two packages.
Instrumentation Amplifier Circuit Diagram
A single DPDT section converts the differential input to a ground-referred single-ended signal at the LT1013`s input. With the input switches closed, C1 acquires the input signal. When the input switches open, C2`s switches close and C2 receives charge. Continuous clocking forces C2`s voltage to equal the difference between the schema`s inputs. The 0.01-I`F capacitor at pin 16 sets the switching frequency at 500Hz. Common-mode voltages are rejected by over 120 dB and drift is low.
Tuesday, August 26, 2014
Build a Pulse Generator using Basic Operational Amplifier
How to build a pulse generator schema using operational amplifier, very basic, it is the schema stable multi vibrator or square wave oscillator. It uses a dual operational amplifier IC, one in 1458. The output frequency set by the value of R1 and C1. The calculation is Frequency = 1 / (2R1.C1.ln3)
The capacitor C1 1uF to change capacitance value by the frequency of 8 Hz, = 0.1uF 50Hz, 700Hz = 0.01uF, 0.001uF = 6kHz. In place of 1458 4558 may be used, LF353, etc.
Pulse Generator using Basic Operational Amplifier Circuit Diagram
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22 watt 12v audio Amplifier
This is a good news for the vehicle owners. Because This 22w audio amplifier works with 12v current.so you can use this one as an audio booster for your car set.And this schema gets only 60w .so you can operate your schema easily.when you operate this schema use 4 ohm speakers.8 ohm also works.The schema operates at 12 Volts at about 5 Amps at full volume.use a good heat sink for the chip.
Parts
U1 TDA1554 Two Channel Audio Amp Chip
R1 39K 1/4 Watt Resistor
C1,C2 10uf 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
C3 100uf 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
C4 47uf 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
C5 0.1uf 25V Ceramic Capacitor
C6 2200uf 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
Dancing LEDs
This is dancing LEDs schematic diagram. the LEDs will dance squence to audio (music or speaking) from the microphone.
Components list:
R1_____________10K 1/4W Resistor
R2,R3__________47K 1/4W Resistors
R4______________1K 1/4W Resistor
R5,R6,R7______100K 1/4W Resistors
R8____________820R 1/4W Resistor
C1,C3_________100nF 63V Ceramic or Polyester Capacitors
C2_____________10΅F 50V Electrolytic Capacitor
C4____________330nF 63V Polyester Capacitor (See Notes)
C5____________100΅F 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
D1___________1N4148 75V 150mA Diode
D2-D11_________5 or 3mm. LEDs (any type and color)
IC1___________LM358 Low Power Dual Op-amp
IC2____________4017 Decade counter with 10 decoded outputs IC
M1_____________Miniature electret microphone
SW1____________SPST miniature Slider Switch
B1_______________9V PP3 Battery
Clip for PP3 Battery
Additional schema parts (see Notes):
R9,R10_________10K 1/4W Resistors
R11____________56R 1/4W Resistor
D12,D13 etc.____5 or 3mm. LEDs (any type and color)
Q1,Q2_________BC327 45V 800mA PNP Transistors
Q3____________BC337 45V 800mA NPN Transistor
Circuit operation:
IC1A amplifies about 100 times the audio signal picked-up by the microphone and drives IC1B acting as peak-voltage detector. Its output peaks are synchronous with the peaks of the input signal and clock IC2, a ring decade counter capable of driving up to ten LEDs in sequence.
An additional schema allows the driving of up to ten strips, made up by five LEDs each (max.), at 9V supply. It is formed by a 10mA constant current source (Q1 & Q2) common to all LED strips and by a switching transistor (Q3), driving a strip obtained from 2 to 5 series-connected LEDs. Therefore one transistor and its Base resistor are required to drive each strip used.
Notes:
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The sensitivity of the schema can be varied changing R4 value.
- C4 value can be varied from 220 to 470nF in order to change the schema speed-response to music peaks.
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Adopting the additional schema, only one item for R10, R11, Q1 and Q2 is required to drive up to ten LED strips. On the contrary, one item of R9 and Q3 is necessary to drive each strip you decided to use.
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Each R9 input must be connected to IC2 output pins, in place of the LEDs D2-D11 shown. R8 must also be omitted.
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Whishing to use a lower number of LEDs or LED strips, pin #15 of IC2 must be disconnected from ground and connected to the first unused output pin. Example:
if you decided to use 5 LEDs, pin #15 of IC2 must be connected to pin #1; if you decided to use 8 LEDs, pin #15 of IC2 must be connected to pin #9 etc. -
Current drawing of the schema is about 10mA.
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Whishing to use a wall-plug transformer-supply instead of a 9V battery, you can supply the schema at 12V, allowing the use of up to 6 LEDs per strip, or at 15V, allowing the use of up to 7 LEDs per strip.
Op Amp Audio Amplifier Wiring diagram Schematic
A CA3140 drives a complementary output stage Ql, Q2, and Q3. Output power depends on supply voltage and limits on dissipation of Q2 and Q3, but it can be 1 or 2 W with a higher impedance speaker and a 30-V supply.
BH1417 Stereo FM Transmitter
The circuit shown here is of a quality Stereo FM transmitter that might transmit high quality signals up to a variety of 70 feet. The circuit is Depending on BH1417 PLL stereo transmitter IC in one Rhom semiconductors. The IC has separate audio processing sections towards the left and right channels, pre emphasis circuit for improving signal to noise ratio, crystal control circuitry for accurate frequency locking, multiplex circuit for and make sum ( left plus right) and difference ( left minus right).
Another important feature of this IC is that the transmission frequency seem like either set utilizing a 4 channel DIP switch. The IC seem like either powered in one anything between 4 to 6V DC and comes with other an output power around 20mW. At full output power the circuit consumes only 20mA and has a channel separation of 40dB. There {seem to be|appear to be|are} 14 possible preset transmission frequencies, starting in one 88.7MHz and incrementing in steps of 0.2MHz Which is going to be selected utilizing the DIP switch. The PLL circuitry of those IC is so precise that Theres almost no frequency drift.
Monday, August 25, 2014
Simple Flashing Lights Schematic
This is a simple flashing lights schema can be used as beacon. The assembly consists basically of two blinking steps that commands two light bulbs. With the help of P1 you can adjust the flashing frequency between some limits. There are 2 parts for the schema, the second one works the same way as the other but with the help of a wire bridge or a switch you can choose different operating modes.A bridge between M and 3 means: 2 independent blinks.
Circuit diagram :
Flashing Lights Schematic Circuit Diagram
If there is a bridge between M and 2, then the lamps lights alternatively with a frequency that can be adjusted with P1. And finally there is one more possibility for M and 1, where the lamps blinks at the same time. The flashing lights schema works with voltages between 3V and 15V. The lamps voltage must be 2/3 of working voltage. R5 and R10 are chosen so that the lamps are about to light.
Extend Timer Range For The 555
Anyone who has designed diagram using the 555 timer chip will, at some time have wished that it could be programmed for longer timing periods. Timing periods greater than a few minutes are difficult to achieve because component leakage currents in large timing capacitors become significant. There is however no reason to opt for a purely digital solution just yet.
The schema shown here uses a 555 timer in the design but nevertheless achieves a timing interval of up to an hour! The trick here is to feed the timing capacitor not with a constant voltage but with a pulsed dc voltage. The pulses are derived from the un smoothed low voltage output of the power supply bridge rectifier.
Extend Timer Range For The 555 Circuit
The power supply output is not referenced to earth potential and the pulsing full wave rectified signal is fed to the base of T1 via resistor R1. A 100-Hz square wave signal is produced on the collector of T1 as the transistor switches.
The positive half of this waveform charges up the timing capacitor C1 via D2 and P1. Diode D2 prevents the charge on C1 from discharging through T1 when the square wave signal goes low. Push-button S1 is used to start the timing period. This method of charging uses relatively low component values for P1 (2.2 MΩ) and C1 (100 to 200 µF) but achieves timing periods of up to an hour which is much longer than a standard 555 schema configuration.
The schema shown here uses a 555 timer in the design but nevertheless achieves a timing interval of up to an hour! The trick here is to feed the timing capacitor not with a constant voltage but with a pulsed dc voltage. The pulses are derived from the un smoothed low voltage output of the power supply bridge rectifier.
Extend Timer Range For The 555 Circuit
The power supply output is not referenced to earth potential and the pulsing full wave rectified signal is fed to the base of T1 via resistor R1. A 100-Hz square wave signal is produced on the collector of T1 as the transistor switches.
The positive half of this waveform charges up the timing capacitor C1 via D2 and P1. Diode D2 prevents the charge on C1 from discharging through T1 when the square wave signal goes low. Push-button S1 is used to start the timing period. This method of charging uses relatively low component values for P1 (2.2 MΩ) and C1 (100 to 200 µF) but achieves timing periods of up to an hour which is much longer than a standard 555 schema configuration.
Streampowers
70W STK amplifier schematic
For this amplifier circuit using three voltage plus, min, and the ground. with a maximum voltage approximately 55Volt DC. And amplifier circuit can use some ic ie IC STK 030, 058, 075, 077, 078, 080, 082, 083, 084, 086. From all the ic I mentioned all of them can be applied to this amplifier circuit. But every ic whether there might be a different maximum voltage or power output, etc.. For this amplifier suitable for use at home, who need a voice soft and tasty. With a maximum output of 70W 8ohm impedance is my take of the highest IC output is STK086.Part List
R1 = 1K
R2 = 56K
R3 = 100R
R4 = 100R
R5 = 56K
R6 = 4.7R
R7 = 2.7K
C1 = 1uF
C2 = 470pF
C3 = 100uF
C4 = 100uF
C5 = 0.047uF
C6 = 47uF
C7 = 1800pF
C8 = 10uF
IC = STK 030, 058, 075, 077, 078, 080, 082, 083, 084, 086.
Police siren
The schema given here produces an alarm similar to the police siren. When you press the push button switch S2 capacitor C1 will charge and this will make the transistor Q1 to ON slowly. When the switch S1 is released the C1 will discharge and the transistor Q1 will become OFF slowly. When the Q1 is switched ON, its collector voltage falls and makes the transistor Q2 ON. The capacitor C2 will be charged almost to full supply voltage. This results in an increase in the collector-emitter voltage of Q2.This change in voltage is coupled to the base of Q1 via the capacitor C2.As a result the transistor Q1 comes slightly out of saturation. As a result the collector voltage of Q1 drops and makes the Q2 more OFF. This action continues until both transistors become OFF. Then the capacitor C2 discharges, and transistor Q1 will be switched ON again to start a new cycle. When the capacitor C1 is charged the tone will rise and when the capacitor C1 is discharging the tone will fall.
Notes.
* The schema can be assembled on a vero board.
* The schema can be powered from 9V DC.
* Switch S1 can be used as a power ON/OFF switch.
* K1 can be an 8 Ohm loud speaker.
High HiFi Power Amplifier with MOSFET
Circuit amplifier "High Power HiFi Power Amplifier With MOSFET" is capable of giving the output power to the load speakers 240Watt and 380Watt 8Ohm to load 4Ohm speakers.
Voltage source to a series of power amplifiers "High Power HiFi Power Amplifier With MOSFET" This is a CT 25V 50V 25V to 50V CT of transformer CT. In making this power amplifier needs to be installed heatsinks on the power amplifier (MOSFET) in order to avoid excessive heat. The series of power supply to power amplifer can use the transformer 5A-20A and 35A mounted diode bridge and capacitors for a minimum of 2x 10.000uF electrolit. Details for the power amplifier circuit can be seen in the following figure.
High Power Series HiFi Power Amplifier With MOSFET can modify to increase power output by doubling the final power amplifier is based on the diiginkan. Power generated from doubling the final power amplifier will also double its power output of power amplifier circuit "High Power HiFi Power Amplifier With MOSFET" it.
DC Power Supply Dual rail Variable Circuit
DC Power Supply Dual-rail Variable Circuit
* The schema can be placed into the existing Variable DC Power Supply metal cabinet.
* Q1 and Q2 must be mounted on heatsinks. Usually, bolting them to the metal case (through insulating washers etc.) proved effective.
* The full ±15V output can be achieved only if the secondary winding of the supply Transformer used in the Variable DC Power Supply is rated at 48V minimum (center tapped).
* When using this schema, please set the Current-limit control (P1) of the Variable DC Power Supply to any value comprised in the 50mA - 1A range but not higher.
* The second Op-amp (IC1B) contained in the LM358 chip was not used, but its input pins were tied to the negative supply and the output was left open.
* Q1 and Q2 must be mounted on heatsinks. Usually, bolting them to the metal case (through insulating washers etc.) proved effective.
* The full ±15V output can be achieved only if the secondary winding of the supply Transformer used in the Variable DC Power Supply is rated at 48V minimum (center tapped).
* When using this schema, please set the Current-limit control (P1) of the Variable DC Power Supply to any value comprised in the 50mA - 1A range but not higher.
* The second Op-amp (IC1B) contained in the LM358 chip was not used, but its input pins were tied to the negative supply and the output was left open.
DC Power Supply Dual-rail Variable Part list:
R1 = 4.7K-1/2W
R1 = 4.7K-1/2W
C1 = 100nF-63V
C2 = 220µF-25V
C3 = 220µF-25V
C4 = 100nF-63V
C5 = 100nF-63V
Q1 = BD437
Q2 = BD438
IC1 = LM358
Sunday, August 24, 2014
One IC Transmitter Wiring diagram Schematic
Free Circuit Diagrams 4U has given you many transmitter schema diagrams today Im going to give you some transmitter schema with some modifications.This schema can send signals up to 100 M.Here we have used IC UPC 1651.This schema can be operated with 6V.The special thing of this schema is we can build this schema with one IC.
Note :
# Build this schema with 6V power supply
# Build this schema on a PCB
IC 555 Tester Circuits
555 timer tester is a simple circuit that serves to test the condition of IC 555. 555 timer circuit tester, in principle, start the timer 555 in astable multivibrator mode. As an indicator of the status of the timer 555 good condition or damaged to use 2 pieces LED which will light up in a blink alternately when the timer 555 in good condition. And only one will turn on or off all the timer 555 when the condition is broken. 555 timer circuit tester is powered using 9 Volt DC voltage source.
Complete circuit tester 555 as follows.
How to use 555 timer tester is in conjuction with IC 555 to test the existing IC socket according to the order button. Then activate the power switch to begin testing the 555 timer ic. Then live we observe the LED indicators 2 before, whether flashing alternately (good) or not blink or even die all (timer 555 damaged).
source:link
source:link
4 20 Volts Amplifier Circuit
This is an audio amplifier circuit based on IC, and IC were used that MPC563 with minimal output 6W, with impedance of 4 Ohm. Supply Voltage Minimum 4 Volt DC and a maximum voltage to 20 Volts DC. See him under this Scheme.
Read moreSchematic Audio Amplifier with IC TDA2030
This schematic is great for those of you who frequent of use IC TDA2030. In addition to the simple schematic is also very clear , in modification accurate enough to make a sound that is more clear, soft , and loud. And if you interest to try this schematic.
See this circuit , datsheet ic TDA2030 and TDA 2040 , and IC TDA2030 equation below :
Datasheet IC TDA2030
Vcc = 6-18 V
Pout = 14 W
RL = 4 Ohm
Ft = 20hz - 20Khz
Icco = 40 mA
Package = TO-220
Manufactered = TELEFUNKEN
Datasheet IC TDA2040
Vcc = 3-20 V
Pout = 20 W
RL = 4 Ohm
Ft = 20hz - 20Khz
Icco = 40 mA
Package = TO-220
Manufactered = PHILIPS
Other use IC TBA 2030 or TDA2040, In this circuit you can use the following IC :
A2030
K174YH19
LM1875
TDA2006
TDA2030A
TDA2040A
MPC1238
or you can call, Equation IC TDA2030 / TDA2040
Efficient Fan Speed Controller Wiring diagram Schematic
A partial solution to quietening noisy PCs can be to reduce the speed of internal cooling fans. Low-cost fan speed controllers are available, but they often employ inefficient, heat-generating linear regulators and contain no temperature feedback mechanism. This idea makes use of a readily available, cheap in-car mobile phone charger. The majority of these use common schemary and require only minor modifications to operate as efficient fan speed controllers complete with temperature feedback. Most in-car chargers are based on the well-known MC34063 DC-DC switchmode IC.
When used for charging mobile phones, the open-schema output voltage is typically set to between 7V and 9V. This is achieved with a simple voltage divider across the output, the centre point of which connects to the feedback input (pin 5) of the MC34063. To make the output voltage var-iable with air temperature, first replace the upper resistor of the divider with a 4.7kΩ resistor in series with a 4.7kΩ trimpot. The lower half of the divider is then replaced with a 470Ω resistor in series with a 500Ω NTC thermistor. These values are only a guide and can be varied to suit different thermistor and fan types.
Efficient Fan Speed Controller Circuit Diagram
Note that component lead length should be minimised to avoid introducing noise into the feedback schemary. Getting the correct fan starting voltage is a matter of trial and error. The values shown on the schema give a starting voltage of about 6.8V at room temperature but trimpot VR1 can be used to raise this voltage as necessary. The output can then rise to about 10V if the interior temperature rises sufficiently. The 4.7kΩ resistor could be reduced to 3.9kΩ and VR1 adjusted to give a lower starting voltage if the fan speed is still too high at 7V. After running for one hour or so, the fan voltage as set by the interior case temperature thermistor on my PC settled at 7.4V.
Suitable chargers are available from Oatley Electronics, Cat. No. 2D0074. They’re currently listed at $5 for two, which is less than the price of the MC34063 ICs alone! Data on the MC34063 can be downloaded from www.onsemi.com and a useful development aid is to be found at www.nomad.ee/micros/mc34063. Finally, note that not all chargers have an output filter capacitor installed. Typically, this is a 220µF 10V or 16V electrolytic type. To save a few cents, the manufacturers sometimes leave this component out, relying on the mobile’s battery to perform the filtering task. If this component is missing from your charger’s PC board, it should be installed before the supply is used.
Source by : Streampowers
Kicad Software
Automated system through design allows you to create professional electrical wiring diagrams, design printed circuit boards for them and prepare for the production of output.
Pcbnew works with boards containing 16 copper and 12 technical layers, inner layers of metallization, thermal pads, blind, and through internal transition and micro-vias, microwave structure.There is a possibility to use external tracers, such FreeRouter and TopoR, there calculator circuit boards and optional automatic and manual placement of components.At the end of the generated files to the production process (for photoplotters and drilling machines), as well as the proposed waterline printout formats HPGL, PostScript, DXF, PDF and SVG format with frame or without.KiCAD creates a list of components to order, as well as the logo on the card developer can export the drawings in DXF and PDF.
KiCad program is written in C + +. It consists of the following:
1. main applications:
• Project manager kicad, allowing you to create and configure new works;
• electrical circuits eeschema editor for drawing and komponirovaniya schemes, including the editor of characters;
• PCB editor pcbnew, forming electric circuits and circuit comprising editor seats
2. additional utilities:
• file viewer format Gerber - gerbview;
• a program to identify seats according to the components on the circuit - cvpcb;
• Editor view reports wyoeditor.
Furthermore KiCad includes a plurality of libraries of electronic components for which there is formed a three-dimensional model Wings3D program.
1. main applications:
• Project manager kicad, allowing you to create and configure new works;
• electrical circuits eeschema editor for drawing and komponirovaniya schemes, including the editor of characters;
• PCB editor pcbnew, forming electric circuits and circuit comprising editor seats
2. additional utilities:
• file viewer format Gerber - gerbview;
• a program to identify seats according to the components on the circuit - cvpcb;
• Editor view reports wyoeditor.
Furthermore KiCad includes a plurality of libraries of electronic components for which there is formed a three-dimensional model Wings3D program.
Editor allows you to create eeschema are multiple hierarchical schemes and carry them tested for compliance with electrical codes. It also created a list of elements in a table and netlist-list for circuit simulation in the PCB editor. Additional option allows you to save in a popular format netlist Spice circuit simulation and conduct third-party application.
Size chart or board in KiCad is not limited to, at any stage, you can go back and make changes, and then easily transfer them further. 3D Viewer option allows OpenGL-based build three-dimensional image of the PCB. Rendering quality, of course, lower than that paid counterparts, but enough for visual assessment. Unfortunately, the basic format of three-dimensional models of components, representing manufacturers, *. Iges and *. Step - software does not support.
Disadvantages of the system design is attributed uncomfortable and intuitive interface. Program difficult to master without reading the documentation.
Disadvantages of the system design is attributed uncomfortable and intuitive interface. Program difficult to master without reading the documentation.
The author of this software is Frenchman Jean-Pierre Sharra, who developed it in 1992. Jean-Pierre is a researcher in the laboratory of images and signals, and also teaches electronics and image processing in the Institute of Technology in the city of Saint-Martin-d Er (Grenoble, France).
The main advantage of the medium KiCad, in addition to a full-featured - a free license and open to change codes, data formats, libraries, schemes, projects PCBs.
To update the program regularly published. For Windows is invited to build a setup EXE-file or as a ZIP-archive. To install the program you must run the EXE-file and unzip to a folder C: Program Files KiCad.
The system design supports English, Portuguese, Spanish, Czech, Polish, French, German, Russian and many other languages. Through the efforts of many volunteers at the moment the application is fully adapted to the GOST.
KiCad is cross-platform software tool and runs on operating systems, FreeBSD, Linux, MS Windows, Apple Mac OS X and Solaris.
Dissemination programs: free, open sourceOfficial site Kicad: http://iut-tice.ujf-grenoble.fr/kicad/
Saturday, August 23, 2014
Simple SGI Amplifier Wiring diagram Schematic
This is a Simple SGI or Strain Gauge (Gage) Instrumentation Amplifier Circuit Diagram.This schema has an overall gain of 320. More gain can easily be obtained by lowering the value of R2. Untrimmed Vas is 10 11V. and Vas tempco is less· than O.lJIV/°C. In many diagram, the OP07 can be omitted, with the two MAX421 differential outputs connected directly to the differential inputs of an integrating a /d.
Simple SGI Amplifier Circuit Diagram
8 Watt Audio Amplifier
This is mono audio amplifier. If you need stereo amplifier, then build 2 similiar diagram. Dont forget to add heatsink on the IC.
Component List:
C1 - 10uf Electrolytic Capacitor
C2 - 470uf Electrolytic Capacitor
C3 - 0.1uF Disc Capacitor
C4 - 2000uf Electrolytic Capacitor 2200uF
R1 - 2.2 Ohm Resistance (Anything Within 10% tolerance)
R3 - 220 Ohm Resistance (Anything Within 10% tolerance)
IC1 - LM383 IC
Read More..
Component List:
C1 - 10uf Electrolytic Capacitor
C2 - 470uf Electrolytic Capacitor
C3 - 0.1uF Disc Capacitor
C4 - 2000uf Electrolytic Capacitor 2200uF
R1 - 2.2 Ohm Resistance (Anything Within 10% tolerance)
R3 - 220 Ohm Resistance (Anything Within 10% tolerance)
IC1 - LM383 IC
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